Secrecy Performance Analysis and Optimization for UAV-Relay-Enabled WPT and Cooperative NOMA MEC in IoT Networks

Abstract

This paper investigates a system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) mobile edge computing (MEC) in the Internet of Things (IoT) - UWNMI, wherein a UAV equipped with an energy transmitter (ET) acts as a relay. In particular, we consider a situation involving two clusters of IoT devices (IDs) that have limited resources and therefore are unable to compute their own tasks and must instead offload them to a base station (BS) via the UAV relay (UR) in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. In the UWNMI system, the effects of imperfect channel state information (ICSI) and imperfect successive interference cancellation (ISIC) are considered, along with the usage of artificial noise (AN) to improve the physical layer security (PLS) of the system. We derive closed-form expressions for the successful computation probability (SCP) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) under the Nakagami- $\mathfrak {m}$ fading channel model in order to evaluate the performance of the system. Moreover, we present optimization problems with the objectives of optimizing the position and height of the UR, the time switching ratio (TSR), and the power allocation for the AN in order to maximize the SCP and minimize the SOP. These problems are solved using a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based algorithm. In addition, Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to validate the accuracy of our analysis based on simulations of the system performance under different values of the system parameters, including the number of antennas at the BS, the number of IDs in each cluster, the TSR, and the position and height of the UR.

Keywords

• Internet of Things
• unmanned aerial vehicles
• energy harvesting
• wireless power transfer
• non-orthogonal multiple access
• mobile edge computing