Advances in Human Biology (Jan 2014)
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Emblica Officinalis Fruit Extracts on S. Mutans, E. Faecalis and C. Albicans
Abstract
Objective: Emblica officinalis fruit is used in Indian traditional medicine since ages as an antimicrobial agent. Review of literature yielded a paucity of studies related to the effect of Emblica officinalis fruit extract against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans, so the present study was designed. Our aim was to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of ethanol, acetone and distilled water extracts of Emblica officinalis against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. Materials and Method: Extract of Emblica officinalis in ethanol, acetone and distilled water were obtained by cold maceration. The crude residue was obtained by evaporation at room temperature. The antimicrobial efficacy of Emblica officinalis in all extracts were assessed against oral microorganisms by finding out zone of inhibition and minimal inhibitory concentration. Results: Emblica officinalis in ethanol, acetone and distilled water were found to be effective against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans by highest zone of inhibition being 38 mm for acetonic extract of emblica officinalis against Enterococcus faecalis. Minimum inhibitory concentration of ethanolic and acetonic emblica officinalis extracts for Candida albicans was established at 0 .09% and distilled water extract at 1.56%. Minimum inhibitory concentration for ethanolic extract of emblica officinalis for Enterococcus faecalis was 3.12%, acetonic extract of Emblica officinalis was established at 0.39% and distilled water extract of emblica officinalis was established at 12.5%. Conclusion: Emblica officinalis could be considered as an effective antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial activities can be enhanced if the phytoactive components are purified and adequate dosage determined for proper administration.
