Impact of maintenance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man, 1879 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) broodstock on the water used in culture ponds

Abstract

Aquaculture production generates social and economic benefits, but can also cause environmental impacts. The objectives of this study were: a) to characterise the impacts caused by the maintenance of broodstock of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) on the physical and chemical characteristics of the water used in culture ponds, and b) to evaluate the relationship between the biomass of the prawns and the impact of culture on the water used in the ponds. Between January and December 2004, we determined, monthly, the biomass of M. rosenbergii by means of biometrics, and the physical and chemical variables of the supply and effluent water from a pond used to maintain breeding stock. The results showed that the effluent water had higher contents of chlorophyll-a, suspended particulate matter (SPM), pH, dissolved oxygen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and dissolved Kjeldahl nitrogen (DKN), inorganic nitrogen (IN), total (TP) and dissolved phosphorus (DP), and P-orthophosphate than the supply water. The highest biomass of M. rosenbergii occurred in April (127.0 g.m-2) and the lowest in August (71.5 g.m-2), and there were positive linear correlations between the biomass of the prawns and the intensity of the increases in TKN, DKN, IN, TP, and DP of the water used in the pond. The maintenance of broodstock of M. rosenbergii increased the chlorophyll-a, SPM, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents of the water in the pond. Additionally, the increase in the biomass of the prawns intensifies the export of nitrogen and phosphorus from the pond in the effluent.

Keywords

• biomass
• giant river prawn
• effluent
• phosphorus
• nitrogen