Научно-технические ведомости СПбГПУ: Экономические науки (Aug 2020)
Drivers of growth and incentive measures for the development of high-tech industries
Abstract
The challenges of accelerating industrial development are the most discussed issues in modern history. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that these issues have become so significant in recent decades due to the growth of high-tech knowledge-based industries, so that new answers to old questions are required in order to protect and promote these advanced areas. The logic of the presented research is determined by the question: How and from which side to approach the solution of lagging of Russian high-tech industries from global trends? To find the answer, we started by identifying areas of research of effective driving industries. We analyze the classifications of high-tech industries and indicators of their development. Next, we highlighted the concept of “growth driver” and substantiate its difference from similar concepts. Based on a bibliographic search, we expand and justify the list of high-tech growth drivers, describe their specifics for Russian economy. On the example of two leading high-tech industries in Russia (pharmaceuticals and electronics) we reveal contemporary global trends in the development of industries, which include deepening specialization, on the one hand, and reducing the number of players in the market, on the other. Relative to the current state of pharmaceutical and electronic production, a role in the world division of labor and the prospect of its improvement in the near future, as well as the role of the state in this process are shown. Then we suggest a generalized list of stimulating measures (or growth drivers) for the development of high-tech industries in foreign countries and Russia. As a result, we conclude that development stimulation of high-tech industries from the government side has a short-term, situational and limited effect if domestic companies do not integrate into global technological trends.
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