Effectiveness of upper limb and scapular stabilization exercises in college students suffering from recurrent trapezitis

Abstract

Background: Trapezitis is an inflammation of the trapezius muscle, which is located in the upper back and neck. Symptoms of trapezitis include pain and tenderness in the affected area, stiffness in the neck and shoulders, and difficulty moving the arms. The condition can be caused by injury, overuse, or poor posture. The primary purpose of the present experimental study was to prevent pain and help students write efficiently in their exams. Biomechanics is the knowledge of illuminating how and why the human body moves in the manner that it does. Biomechanics can be applied to studying the causes, treatment, and prevention of injuries. The research can analyze the forces at work that can lead to recurrent trapezitis and how exercises, posture, or ergonomic advice might reduce the risk of injury. Materials and Methods: A total of 37 students suffering from recurrent trapezitis were selected for this study. They were assessed pre- and postinterventions using electromyography, hand dynamometry, writing speed, and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). NPRS was taken thrice, pre- and postinterventions, and after students appeared for their exams. Results: Upper limb and scapular stabilization exercises positively impacted students with recurrent trapezitis. They significantly reduced exam pain and increased writing speed after the exercise protocol. Students reported that they could write more efficiently and comfortably with better concentration (NPRS and hand dynamometry P value; P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study concluded that overwriting could be a primary reason leading to chronic neck pain and trapezitis. Poor posture and ergonomics can aggravate the condition leading to a negative impact on writing exams as well as activities of daily living. Regular upper limb and scapular stabilization exercises can strengthen the muscles, prevent recurring pain, and avoid recurrent trapezitis.

Keywords

• electromyography
• hand dynamometry
• recurrent trapezitis
• scapular stabilization
• upper limb exercises