The biological function of demethylase ALKBH1 and its role in human diseases
Jing Zhong,
Zhengyang Xu,
Ning Ding,
Yanting Wang,
Wenwen Chen
Affiliations
Jing Zhong
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
Zhengyang Xu
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
Ning Ding
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
Yanting Wang
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
Wenwen Chen
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; Corresponding author. Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
AlkB homolog 1 (ALKBH1) is a member of the AlkB family of dioxygenases that are dependent on Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate. Mounting evidence demonstrates that ALKBH1 exhibits enzymatic activity against various substrates, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), N3-methylcytidine (m3C), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N6-methyladenine (N6-mA, 6mA), and H2A, indicating its dual roles in different biological processes and involvement in human diseases. Up to the present, there is ongoing debate regarding ALKBH1's enzymatic activity. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of recent research on ALKBH1, including its substrate diversity and pathological roles in a wide range of human disorders, the underlying mechanisms of its functions, and its dysregulation. We also explored the potential of ALKBH1 as a prognostic target.
