Dexmedetomidine inhibits systemic inflammatory response induced by renal ischemia reperfusion via mediating macrophage polarization

Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on systemic inflammatory response induced by renal ischemia reperfusion (rIRI) and the possible mechanism. Methods Fifteen C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, that is, sham operation group (laparotomy without renal pedicle occlusion), rIRI group (bilateral renal pedicles was clamped for 60 min with a microvascular clamp), and rIRI+Dex group (intraperitoneal injection of 25 μg/ml Dex in 15 min prior to bilateral renal ischemia). In 24 h after surgery or reperfusion, the blood samples were harvested and analyzed for counts of neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes by blood analyzer and for the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10) by ELISA. Western blotting was used to detect iNOS and Arg 1 in the harvested peritoneal macrophages for the polarization. Results Compared with the mice in the sham group, the counts of neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes were significantly elevated (P 0.05), reduced serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β (P < 0.01) and increased level of IL-10 (P < 0.01), and decreased expression of iNOS (P < 0.01) as well as increase of Arg 1 (P < 0.05) when compared with the indicators in the rIRI group. Conclusion Dex inhibits the systemic inflammatory response induced by rIRI, which may be associated with modulation of macrophage polarization.

Keywords

• dexmedetomidine
• renal ischemia reperfusion
• macrophages
• polarization