Spatial distribution and determinant factors of unmet need for family planning among all reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: a multi-level logistic regression modelling approach

Abstract

Plain Language Summary In general, the unmet need for family planning has been remaining high in developing countries, notably in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to explore geographical disparities of unmet need for family planning among all reproductive-age women in Ethiopia using a 2016 national population-based survey. We used a secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey. A total of 15,683 women aged 15–49 years were selected using a two-stage stratified sampling process. Overall, the prevalence of unmet need for family planning was 15.2% (95% CI: 14.63, 15.76) in Ethiopia. The spatial analysis of the unmet need for family planning revealed that Northern and Western parts of Oromia, North of Southern Nations and Nationality of People and Gambela regions had high hotspots than the remaining parts of the country. Generally, the findings indicate significant regional variation in the unmet need for family planning among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia, specifically in western parts of the country. Being in low wealth, having a higher number of living children, being in a Married or union relationship, living in rural areas, older age, being in Muslim and Protestant followers were found associated with unmet need for family planning.

Keywords

• Unmet need
• Women
• Ethiopia
• Spatial Analysis
• Multi-level logistic analysis