The impacts of animal agriculture on One Health—Bacterial zoonosis, antimicrobial resistance, and beyond
Tengfei Zhang,
Rhea Nickerson,
Wenting Zhang,
Xitian Peng,
Yu Shang,
Youxiang Zhou,
Qingping Luo,
Guoyuan Wen,
Zhenyu Cheng
Affiliations
Tengfei Zhang
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
Rhea Nickerson
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
Wenting Zhang
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
Xitian Peng
Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Quality and Safe Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Wuhan), Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China
Yu Shang
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
Youxiang Zhou
Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Quality and Safe Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Wuhan), Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China
Qingping Luo
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China.; Corresponding authors.
Guoyuan Wen
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.; Corresponding authors.
Zhenyu Cheng
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Corresponding authors.
The industrialization of animal agriculture has undoubtedly contributed to the improvement of human well-being by increasing the efficiency of food animal production. At the same time, it has also drastically impacted the natural environment and human society. The One Health initiative emphasizes the interdependency of the health of ecosystems, animals, and humans. In this paper, we discuss some of the most profound consequences of animal agriculture practices from a One Health perspective. More specifically, we focus on impacts to host-microbe interactions by elaborating on how modern animal agriculture affects zoonotic infections, specifically those of bacterial origin, and the concomitant emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A key question underlying these deeply interconnected issues is how to better prevent, monitor, and manage infections in animal agriculture. To address this, we outline approaches to mitigate the impacts of agricultural bacterial zoonoses and AMR, including the development of novel treatments as well as non-drug approaches comprising integrated surveillance programs and policy and education regarding agricultural practices and antimicrobial stewardship. Finally, we touch upon additional major environmental and health factors impacted by animal agriculture within the One Health context, including animal welfare, food security, food safety, and climate change. Charting how these issues are interwoven to comprise the complex web of animal agriculture's broad impacts on One Health will allow for the development of concerted, multidisciplinary interventions which are truly necessary to tackle these issues from a One Health perspective.
