Insular cortex Hounsfield units predict postoperative neurocardiogenic injury in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Abstract

Abstract Objective Our study aims to investigate the association between the Hounsfield unit (Hu) value of the insular cortex (IC) during emergency admission and the subsequent occurrence of post‐operative neurocardiogenic injury (NCI) among patients afflicted with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Methods Patients baseline characteristics were juxtaposed between those with and without NCI. The significant variables were incorporated into a multivariable stepwise logistic regression model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drafted for each significant variable, yielding cutoff values and the area under the curve (AUC). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the predictive performance across various cohorts and ascertain result stability. Propensity score matching (PSM) was ultimately employed to redress any baseline characteristic disparities. Results Patients displaying a right IC Hu value surpassing 28.65 exhibited an escalated risk of postoperative NCI upon confounder adjustment (p < 0.001). The ROC curve eloquently manifested the predictive capacity of right IC Hu in relation to NCI (AUC = 0.650, 95%CI, 0.591–0.709, p < 0.001). Further subgroup analysis revealed significant interactions between right IC Hu and factors such as age, history of heart disease, and Graeb 5–12 score. Sensitivity analysis further upheld the results' significant (p = 0.002). The discrepancy in NCI incidence between the two groups, both prior (p < 0.002) and post (p = 0.039) PSM, exhibited statistical significance. After PSM implementation, the likelihood of NCI displayed an ascending trend with increasing right IC Hu values, from the Hu1 cohort onward, receding post the Hu4 cohort. Conclusion This study definitively establishes an elevated right IC Hu value in the early stages of emergency admission as an autonomous predictor for ensuing NCI subsequent to aSAH.