Dysona. Applied Science (Oct 2021)
Adventitious shoot proliferation from callus of Gerbera jamesonii young leaf explant
Abstract
This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, University of Basrah, Iraq. Young leaves were used in this study as explants that were taken from Gerbera Jamesonii, Double Dutch and Malibu cultivars. The aim of micro-propagation of the gerbera plant because it is one economically important of the cut flower. The results showed that the Double Dutch cultivar was significant superior in recording the highest response percentage to callus induction and indirect shoot and root formation, number of shoots and roots and shoot length reached 70.00%, 90.20%, 99.70%, 7.60 shoots per 50 mg callus, 4.90 roots per shoot and 1.69 cm, respectively, compared to Malibu cultivar, which gave the lowest values. The concentration of 5.0 mg L-1 BA was significant superior compared to the other concentrations at 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 mg L-1 BA, as it recorded the highest percentage of response to callus induction reaching 97.20%, while the concentration of 1.0 mg L-1 BA recorded the lowest percentage of response, reaching 22.50%. The MS medium supplied with 1.0 mg. L-1 BA was significant superior compared to the other media that supplied with different concentrations of BA, which recorded the highest percentage response to proliferation of adventitious shoots from induced callus and the number and length of shoots, which was 93.30%, 9.40 shoots per 50 mg callus and 1.94 cm, respectively. But the callus that cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 BA recorded the lowest values. While, the MS media that supplied with 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mg L-1BA did not lead to regeneration of shoots from induced callus of young leaves. The results showed that the MS medium supplied with 1.0 mg L-1 NAA had the highest percentage of rooting response and number of adventitious roots of 99.60% and 7.10 roots per shoot, respectively.
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