Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (Nov 2021)

Mean Scar Entropy by Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Is Associated With Ventricular Arrhythmias Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

  • Yang Ye,
  • Yang Ye,
  • ZhongPing Ji,
  • Wenli Zhou,
  • Cailing Pu,
  • Ya Li,
  • Ya Li,
  • Chengqin Zhou,
  • Xiuhua Hu,
  • Chao Chen,
  • Yaxun Sun,
  • Yaxun Sun,
  • Qi Huang,
  • Wenjuan Zhang,
  • Yu'e Qian,
  • Hong Ren,
  • Feidan Yu,
  • Chenyang Jiang,
  • Chenyang Jiang,
  • Yankai Mao,
  • Bei Wang,
  • João B. Augusto,
  • João B. Augusto,
  • João B. Augusto,
  • Dongwu Lai,
  • Dongwu Lai,
  • Hongjie Hu,
  • Guo-sheng Fu,
  • Guo-sheng Fu

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.758635
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8

Abstract

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Background: Ventricular arrhythmias are associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Previous studies have found the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was independently associated with ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in HCM. The risk stratification of VA remains complex and LGE is present in the majority of HCM patients. This study was conducted to determine whether the scar heterogeneity from LGE-derived entropy is associated with the VAs in HCM patients.Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight HCM patients with scarring were retrospectively enrolled and divided into VA (31 patients) and non-VA (37 patients) groups. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and percentage of the LGE (% LGE) were evaluated. The scar heterogeneity was quantified by the entropy within the scar and left ventricular (LV) myocardium.Results: Multivariate analyses showed that a higher scar [hazard ratio (HR) 2.682; 95% CI: 1.022–7.037; p = 0.039] was independently associated with VA, after the adjustment for the LVEF, %LGE, LV maximal wall thickness (MWT), and left atrium (LA) diameter.Conclusion: Scar entropy and %LGE are both independent risk indicators of VA. A high scar entropy may indicate an arrhythmogenic scar, an identification of which may have value for the clinical status assessment of VAs in HCM patients.

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