Mastoid osteoma: consideration on two cases and literature review

Abstract

Introduction/Objective: The mastoid osteoma is a benign osteogenic tumor, considered to be uncommon in such location. By 2006, there were about 150 cases reported in the medical literature. Its etiopathogenesis includes factors relating to embryogenesis, metaplasia, trauma and inflammation. They are generally asymptomatic and appear through tumoration protrusion from the retroauricular region. Computed tomography has been useful for its diagnosis and surgical planning. Its surgical results are good from a aesthetic and curative point of view. Method: We studied two cases of mastoid osteoma and analyzed them as for their clinical state, imaging exams, treatment and results. Results: Both locating in the right mastoid region. Absence of a previous trauma in this region. Normal neurological exam. The cranial computed tomography revealed a hyperdense lesion involving the cortex of the temporal bone in the mastoid region, radiologically compatible with osteoma. They were submitted to complete exeresis of the lesion. Anatomopathological exam: osteoma. They had excellent aesthetic and curative results. There was no recurrence or malignant transformation. Conclusions: The osteoma located in the mastoid region is an uncommon benign tumor. It provokes local aesthetic deformity and is generally asymptomatic. The choice exam is computed tomography. It has a differential diagnosis with hemangioma, fibrous dysplasia, osteosarcoma and osteoblastic metastasis. The exam does not present malignant transformation. The treatment is surgical and with excellent aesthetic and curative results.

Keywords

• Osteoma
• Temporal bone
• Cranial neoplasms
• Primary treatment