Mammary gland condition in premenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia

Abstract

Introduction. Amidst a steady increase in hyperplastic processes in uterus and mammary glands, numerous studies have shown that women with dyshormonal pathology of mammary glands had a range of gynecological diseases: external or internal endometriosis, hyperplastic processes of the endometrium and myometrium, polyps, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), etc.Objective. To assess the mammary gland condition in premenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia during indole-3-car-binol (I3C) therapy.Materials and methods. A total of 42 premenopausal patients aged 45-52 years (48.54 ± 1.83) were enrolled in an open-label prospective study. All patients received I3C 400 mg a day for 12 months. The examination included clinical laboratory, ultrasound imaging and mammographic examination of the mammary glands, cytologic examination of a nipple discharge. The examinations were carried out at the baseline, 6 and 12 months after starting treatment. The study findings were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05.Results and discussion. All patients were diagnosed as having mastalgia before starting treatment. Mammary gland ultrasound imaging showed that the frequency of BI-RADS 2 was 9.5 times higher than that of BI-RADS 1 (90.5% and 9.5%, respectively, p <0.05). Mammography revealed that the frequency of BI-RADS 2 was 9.26 times higher than that of BI-RADS 1 (88% and 9.5%, respectively, p <0.05). After 6-month therapy, 59.5% of patients reported the disappearance of pain syndrome, the number of patients with ONE1/16a-ONE1 deviations decreased by 22%, 7.1% of patients showed improvement of ultrasound picture in BI-RADS. After 12-month therapy, the number of patients with ONE1 / 16a-ONE1 deviations decreased by 92.86% compared with the figures before starting treatment, ultrasound imaging showed improvement in the BI-RADS picture in 19% of patients, mammography findings - in 28.5% of patients. I3C is an effective and safe method to treat benign breast diseases in premenopausal women.Conclusion. Indole-3-carbinol therapy can be assessed as the treatment having an influence on the general components of pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplasia and benign hyperplastic processes in mammary glands. It is advisable to consider the use of indole-3-carbinol combined with antioxidant resveratrol in clinical practice.

Keywords

• indole-3-carbinol
• resveratrol
• endometrial hyperplasia
• premenopausal age
• mastalgia
• bi-rads
• mammary glands