Journal of Inflammation Research (Dec 2023)
Extracellular Vesicle Content Changes Induced by Melatonin Promote Functional Recovery of Pancreatic Beta Cells in Acute Pancreatitis
Abstract
Yuming Shao,1 Wenxiang Wu,2 Fangzhou Fan,2 Haifeng Liu,3 Yongliang Ming,2 Wangwei Liao,2 Chunyu Bai,2 Yuhua Gao2 1Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, People’s Republic of China; 2Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chunyu Bai; Yuhua Gao, No. 133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-573-3616565, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, which causes abnormal activation of immune cells. The macrophages were accumulated in pancreas and infiltrated into islets during the AP process to induce abnormal glucose metabolism. However, the role of macrophages in abnormal glucose metabolism remains understood. Extracellular vesicles act in the regulation of intercellular function, but whether EVs secreted by macrophages contribute to β cell failure and apoptosis in AP is unclear. Based on this, the aim of this study was to reveal the role of macrophages-EVs in AP and develop a treatment for symptoms of hyperglycemia in AP.Methods: The AP model was established and treated by various doses of melatonin to analyze the therapeutic effect. The accumulation and polarization of macrophages in the AP pancreas were observed, and the β cells were incubated with pancreatic derived EVs to analyze the role in β cell failure and apoptosis.Results: The results showed that macrophages were recruited and polarized to M1 phenotype macrophages in the pancreas of AP mice, which obtained inflammatory EVs that contained specific miRNAs to induce β cell failure and apoptosis. Then, the EVs derived from M1 macrophages triggered β cell failure and apoptosis. Melatonin prevented polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype in vivo, which reduced the secretion of inflammatory EVs, changed the abundance of miRNAs in EVs, and therefore decreased inflammatory EV-mediated β cell failure and apoptosis.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that similar to 20S proteasome inhibitor MG132, analyses indicated that melatonin prevented degradation of IκBα through the ubiquitylation pathway to restrict p50 subunits to the cytoplasm of macrophages, inhibited activation of the NF-κB pathway to downregulate the transcription of specific miRNAs, and reduced miRNA transport into EVs.Keywords: acute pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, macrophages, EVs, melatonin
