Cancer Management and Research (Aug 2020)

Risk Factors for Urethral Recurrence in Men After Radical Cystectomy with Orthotopic Urinary Diversion for Urothelial Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study

  • Lee DH,
  • Song W

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 12
pp. 6739 – 6746

Abstract

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Dong Hyeon Lee,1 Wan Song2 1Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 2Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaCorrespondence: Wan SongDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaTel +82-2-3410-3558Fax +82-2-3410-3027Email [email protected]: To evaluate the risk factors affecting urethral recurrence (UR) in men after radical cystectomy (RC) with ileal orthotopic neobladder (IONB).Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 348 men who underwent RC with IONB for bladder cancer between January 2010 and December 2017. Clinicopathologic characteristics, including tumor location (trigone and/or bladder neck), prostatic urethral and/or stromal involvement, presence of carcinoma in situ (CIS), pathologic T and N stage, and urethral resection margin status, were identified. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to illustrate urethral recurrence-free survival (URFS), and Cox proportional hazard models were applied to identify factors predicting UR.Results: Of the 348 patients, UR was identified in 7 (2.0%) patients during the mean follow-up of 33.3 months. The 2-, 3-, and 5-year URFS rates were 97.6%, 96.3%, and 93.8%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, prostatic urethral involvement (P = 0.033, hazard ratio: 6.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.06– 36.96) was an independent predictor of UR. When patients were divided according to prostatic urethral involvement (negative vs positive), the 2- and 3-year URFS rates were significantly different (93.8% and 96.8%, respectively, vs 92.0% and 92.0%, respectively; P = 0.020). All 7 patients with UR underwent transurethral surgery and maintained their IONB.Conclusion: In this series, UR occurred in approximately 2% of men after RC with IONB. Prostatic urethral involvement was the only significant prognostic factor for UR. Follow-up strategies considering UR risk should be adopted to facilitate early detection in those at high risk of UR.Keywords: bladder cancer, neobladder, radical cystectomy, risk factor, urethral recurrence

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