Optimization of Culture Condition in the Production of Bioenzymes by Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Waste in Sokoto State, Nigeria

Abstract

Poultry wastes obtained from a poultry farm in Sokoto metropolis were analyzed for cellulose producing bacteria. Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus laterosporus, and Bacillus amyloliquifeciens isolated were screened for their ability to produce cellulase enzyme. All the isolates showed cellulose activity by exhibiting a wide halo on caboxymethylcellulase medium (CMC).The fermentation process was optimized using the following parameters, inoculum size, pH, Substrate concentration, temperature, and incubation periods. Cellulase activity was determined using DNS method, Banana peels was used as a substrate for the production of the enzymes, this was analysed with atomic absorbtion spectrophotometer (AAS).Cellulase enzyme was produced at innoculum size 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%. pH 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. Substrate concentration 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, and 5g. Temperature 35, 45, 55, 65, and 75, for 1, 2, 3, 3, and 5, days respectively. Bacillus laterosporus recorded the highest cellulase activity 0f 0.37mg/ml in 5% substrate concentration among all the isolates while Bacillus amyloliquefeciens recorded highest cellulose production at pH3 with 45mg/ml Bacillus laterosporus recorded highest activity of cellulose production with 0.71mg/ml Temperature was also studied in the cellulose production and Bacillus laterosporus showed highest activity at 75⁰C with activity of 0.66mg/ml. This study showed that Bacillus laterosporus was the best cellulase producing bacteria among all the isolates.

Keywords

• poultry wastes
• cellulase
• Banana peels
• Bacteria
• Enzymes