Effects of Early Feeding Support on the Postoperative Weight Gain Status of Infants with Esophageal Atresia

Abstract

Background: Infants may lose their body resources after surgery due to inadequate nutrient intake and undergoing long periods of fasting after surgery for esophageal atresia, increases risk of several complications. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of early feeding support on the postoperative weight gain status of infants with esophageal atresia. Method: This randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 36 infants with esophageal atresia (type C) selected 48 hours after surgery during July 2015-March 2016 at Dr. Sheikh Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. In the intervention group, detecting no lack of leakage on chest X-ray, feeding was initiated and the control group received routine feeding. Neonatal weight changes were measured daily using a digital scale (TANITA model) since the first day after the surgery and one month after discharge from the hospital. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16 by independent T-test and Chi-square. Results: Mean neonatal weight on admission was 2558.1±337.4 grams in the intervention group and 2547.6±856 grams in the control group (P=0.47). Results of independent T-test showed that daily weight gain before and after feeding was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.01). Moreover, weight gain one month after discharge had a significant difference between infants of the intervention and control groups (P=0.03). Implications for Practice: According to the results of this study, early feeding support could improve the weight index of neonates with esophageal atresia. Considering the possible complications and long-term consequences of surgery, early initiation of feeding could be an appropriate remedial measure in infants with esophageal atresia.

Keywords

• Esophageal atresia
• Oral feeding
• Infants
• Postoperative care