The Effects of Water Extract of Psidium guajava L. Leaves Against the Percentage of Parasitemia in male Mus musculus L. Swiss Webster mice

Abstract

Due to increasing resistance, the accessibility of antimalarial medications is diminishing, necessitating the need for the development of novel drugs. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the examination of the malaria properties present in red guava leaves. This study aimed to investigate the impact of an water extract derived from red guava leaves (P. guajava L.) on the percentage of parasitemia in male mice (Mus musculus L. Swiss Webster). Additionally, the study sought to analyze the composition of phytochemical compounds in water extract obtained from red guava leaves. The findings demonstrated that the water extract of guava leaves (ADJB) and ART-ADJB (combination of artemisinin and ADJB), administered at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg, effectively decreased the percentage of parasitemia. ED50 value of red guava leaf water extract is 0.7741 mg/Kg BB. In combination with artemisinin, ED50 decreases to 0.7357 mg/Kg BB. Artemisinin alone has an ED50 of 0.43 mg/Kg BB. The measured ED50 value indicates that the utilization of a combination of artemisinin with red guava leaf water extract has greater potential compared to the use of red guava leaf water extract alone. The ADJB extract contains phytochemical compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids.