Energy Efficiency Audit Based on Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks: Air-Conditioning Investigation

Abstract

This paper investigates the energy performance of new design air-conditioning system combined with energy audit in KSA governmental building since air conditioning is responsible for more than 60 % of electricity consumption. Alternative solutions are provided. Based on the results, the old conditioners will be replaced for 113 rooms in three floors of the MUAB. The applied methodology uses Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSAN) for sensing and measuring technique characteristics of the conditioners and compares them with the ones available on the market, which were selected according to ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 specified by the manufacturers. Energy balance examination proves that operational conditioners have greater electric consumption and power factor comparing to the known standards. Energy audit applied in the MUAB provided a saving of 10% in the average consumption of electric energy. More than that an exploration is performed to insert Stirling engine in air conditioning cycle proving that it can be a promoted solution and can reduce significantly energy consumption; an alpha Stirling engine has been tested numerically for the same temperature and pressure reigned in the refrigeration cycle proving that it can work with energy efficiency around 42%.