Cranial Autonomic Symptoms in Migraine Patient Presenting in the Department of Neurology of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Cranial autonomic symptoms (CAS) are typically associated with trigeminal autonomic cephalagias (TACs) and are also a part of TACs' diagnostic criteria. However, they have also been commonly reported in migraine patients. This study aimed to find the prevalence of CAS in Migraine patients who presented to the Department of Neurology in a tertiary care center. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among migraine patients who visited the Department of Neurology of a tertiary care center from September 2023 to December 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Neurologists used ICHD-3 beta criteria to diagnose migraine and the presence of cranial autonomic symptoms in patients with migraine through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 119 migraine patients, at least one cranial autonomic symptom was seen in 76 (63.86%) (55.23-72.51, at 95% Confidence Interval). Lacrimation 34 (44.73%) and conjunctival injection 27 (35.52%) were the two most commonly reported symptoms. Bilateral CAS was present in 60 (78.94%) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of at least one CAS in migraine patients was found to be similar to other studies done in similar settings.

Keywords

• cranial autonomic symptoms; migraine; trigeminal autonomic cephalagias.