Journal of Inflammation Research (Sep 2022)
Therapeutic Benefits of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Potential Mechanisms and Challenges
Abstract
Chao Cao,1– 4 Lin Zhang,2,3 Fuli Liu,2,3 Jie Shen1– 4 1Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jie Shen, Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 02134189990, Email [email protected]: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) presents as a form of acute respiratory failure resulting from non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to excessive alveolocapillary permeability, which may be pulmonary or systemic in origin. In the last 3 years, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in an increase in ARDS cases and highlighted the challenges associated with this syndrome, as well as the unacceptably high mortality rates and lack of effective treatments. Currently, clinical treatment remains primarily supportive, including mechanical ventilation and drug-based therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies are emerging as a promising intervention in patients with ARDS and have promising therapeutic effects and safety. The therapeutic mechanisms include modifying the immune response and assisting with tissue repair. This review provides an overview of the general properties of MSCs and outlines their role in mitigating lung injury and promoting tissue repair in ARDS. Finally, we summarize the current challenges in the study of translational MSC research and identify avenues by which the discipline may progress in the coming years.Keywords: acute respiratory distress syndrome, mesenchymal stromal cells, therapeutic effect, potential mechanisms
