Oral manifestations in diabetic patients under treatment for ischemic heart diseases: A comparative observational study

Abstract

Objective: To assess the oral and dental manifestations in the nondiabetic and diabetic groups who were under treatment for ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 167 IHD patients who were under treatment for IHDI s were considered for the study. After seeking permission from various hospitals in and around Bhimavaram, both inpatients and outpatients-files were screened-for presence of IHD from the available data. After selecting the study population, patients were checked for absence of diabetes and grouped accordingly. Subjective symptoms such as dry mouth, taste changes, and tongue or mucosal pain were evaluated and recorded as present or absent in the pre – prepared proform and dental assessment consisted of decayed, missing, filled, teeth (DMFT) index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Results: Subjective oral manifestations of dry mouth, taste changes, and tongue or mucosal pain showed statistically higher score in the diabetic group with a P value of <0.001. The overall DMFT index score was statistically higher in the diabetic group with a P value of <0.001. The overall CPI index score was statistically higher in the diabetic group with a P value of <0.001. Conclusion: From the study it is concluded that the subjects with IHD are at higher risk for developing periodontal disease, dry mouth, taste changes, and tongue or mucosal pain. The dental and periodontal health status of IHD patients in this study in the diabetic and nondiabetic groups is nearly comparable. Thus, oral health maintenance is of utmost importance in this diabetic group. It is recommended that subjects should be regularly examined by dentists for proper care.

Keywords

• Diabetes
• decayed
• filled
• ischemic heart disease
• missing
• periodontal disease
• teeth index