Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture (Apr 2024)

EVALUATION OF THE HEMOCOMPATIBILITY OF NANOSTRUCTURES ON IN VITRO MODEL SYSTEMS

  • Elena V. Nevzorova,
  • Viktoriya V. Nemtsova,
  • Anton A. Belyaev

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2024-16-2-804
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 2
pp. 28 – 49

Abstract

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Background. An important issue in the evaluation of nanoparticles is the manifestation of test objects that allow the evaluation of damaging effects in vitro. Purpose. Evaluate red blood cells as an in vitro model system as the original "cellular dosimeter" of the effects of nanoparticles and the unique model of the hemocompatibility of nanostructures. Materials and methods. In this work colloidal solutions of nanoparticles of the “Taunit”, “Taunit-M”, “Taunit-MD” series were used. The main task determined by the authors is to study the influence of the ζ-potential of nanoparticles on aggregation by analyzing the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The Westergren method was used for the evaluation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Results. The relationship between the aggregation of erythrocytes and the values of the ζ-potential of the nanoparticles was established according to the data of the test of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It was shown that the nanoparticles of the “Taunit-MD” series possessing the greatest ζ potential, prevented the aggregation of erythrocytes without changing the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which proves their hemocompatibility. Nanoparticles of "Taunit", "Taunit-M" series possessing low ζ-potential, caused instability of the colloidal system of blood and caused the tendency of erythrocytes to form aggregations which was revealed by a considerable increase in the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation. The ROC test showed the sensitivity of the “Erythrocyte sedimentation rate” test at 92.5%, and its specificity at 100.0%. Conclusion. The value of the ζ-potential of the nanoparticles is related to the aggregation of the erythrocytes, which is revealed by the test of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. This research proves that human red blood cells are the unique biological dosimeters that are sensitive to the action of nanoparticles and that their use as test objects allows to examine the hemocompatibility of nanostructures on in vitro model systems.

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