Daunorubicin-loaded magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 overcome multidrug resistance and induce apoptosis of K562-n/VCR cells in vivo

Abstract

Bao-an Chen1, Bin-bin Lai1, Jian Cheng1, Guo-hua Xia1, Feng Gao1, Wen-lin Xu2, Jia-hua Ding1, Chong Gao1, Xin-chen Sun3, Cui-rong Xu1, Wen-ji Chen1, Ning-na Chen1, Li-jie Liu4, Xiao-mao Li5, Xue-mei Wang61Department of Hematology, 3Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, the Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China; 4Institution of Physiology, 6State Key Lab of Bioelectronics (Chien-shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Physics, University of Saarland, Saarbruechen, GermanyAbstract: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to cancer chemotherapy. We evaluated the effect of daunorubicin (DNR)-loaded magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 (MNPs-Fe3O4) on K562-n/VCR cells in vivo. K562-n and its MDR counterpart K562-n/VCR cell were inoculated into nude mice subcutaneously. The mice were randomly divided into four groups: group A received normal saline, group B received DNR, group C received MNPs-Fe3O4, and group D received DNR-loaded MNPs-Fe3O4. For K562-n/VCR tumor, the weight was markedly lower in group D than that in groups A, B, and C. The transcriptions of Mdr-1 and Bcl-2 gene were significantly lower in group D than those in groups A, B, and C. The expression of Bcl-2 was lower in group D than those in groups A, B, and C, but there was no difference in the expression of P-glycoprotein. The transcriptions and expressions of Bax and caspase-3 in group D were increased significantly when compared with groups A, B, and C. In conclusion, DNR-loaded MNPs-Fe3O4 can overcome MDR in vivo.Keywords: multidrug-resistance reversal, leukemia, magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4, in vivo