Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards Kawasaki disease from caregivers of children with Kawasaki disease: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of caregivers of children with Kawasaki disease toward Kawasaki disease. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at four hospitals in China from March 2023 to June 2023. The KAP scores were evaluated using a self-designed questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = 0.840; KMO = 0.7381). Correlations between dimension scores were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to examine the relationships among factors. Results Of 643 surveyed, 49.50% were male caregivers. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 7.12 ± 2.34 (possible range, 0–11), 29.23 ± 5.67 (possible range, 12–60), and 21.57 ± 5.34 (possible range, 6–30). Knowledge correlated with attitude (r = 0.172, P < 0.001) and practice (r = 0.280, P < 0.001). Attitude was significantly related to practice (r = 0.598, P < 0.001). SEM showed knowledge had a positive effect on attitudes (β = 0.581, P < 0.001) and practices (β = 0.786, P < 0.001). In addition, attitudes also positively affected practices (β = 0.554, P < 0.001). Occupation type (β = 0.598, P = 0.025) and monthly per capita income (β=-0.750, P = 0.020) had different effects on attitudes, while monthly per capita income also had negative effects on practices (β=-0.410, P = 0.021). Conclusion Caregivers of children with Kawasaki disease have moderate knowledge and unfavorable attitudes but proactive practices toward this disease. The results could help design an educational intervention to improve KAP, which could translate into better patient management and outcomes. Trial registration Not applicable.

Keywords

• Kawasaki disease
• Caregivers
• Knowledge
• Attitudes
• Practices
• Cross-sectional study