Research on the Physiological Factors of Cardiac Regeneration

Abstract

The heart is one of the most important organs in mammals. When cardiovascular disease occurs, such as myocardial infarction, many cardiac myocytes die due to hypoxia, leading to heart failure. The ability of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes to proliferate gradually decreases during development. Therefore, when the heart is damaged, it cannot be repaired by the natural division and regeneration of cardiomyocytes, which in turn leads to impaired heart function. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes during the treatment of cardiac diseases. Here, we summarize the effects of different factors such as environmental oxygen, energy metabolism, extracellular matrix, nervous system and immune response on cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and potential directions for the treatment of heart disease.