Relapsing acute myeloid leukemia presenting as hypopyon uveitis

Abstract

Anterior segment infiltration in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presenting as hypopyon uveitis is very rare. We report this case as an uncommon presentation in a patient on remission after bone marrow transplant for AML. In addition to the hypopyon, the patient presented with "red eye" caused by ocular surface disease due to concurrent graft-versus-host disease and glaucoma. The classical manifestations of masquerade syndrome due to AML were altered by concurrent pathologies. Media opacities further confounded the differential diagnosis. We highlight the investigations used to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. In uveitis, there is a need to maintain a high index of clinical suspicion, as early diagnosis in ocular malignancy can save sight and life.

Keywords

• Pediatric traumatic cataract
• primary posterior capsulotomy
• posterior capsule opacification
• square-edge intraocular lens
• visual axis opacification
• Multifocal electroretinogram
• principal components′
• analysis
• retinitis pigmentosa
• Behcet′s disease
• HLA-B51
• optical coherence tomography
• macular hole
• Graves′ ophthalmopathy
• thyroid eye disease
• unilateral
• Assam
• corneal ulcer
• fusarium
• mycotic keratitis
• Antifungal sensitivity testing
• amphotericin B
• Aspergillus
• fungal keratitis
• polymerase chain reaction--single-stranded conformational polymorphism.
• Lid coloboma
• limbal dermoid
• nasopalpebral lipoma-coloboma syndrome
• Bilateral
• breast metastasis
• extraocular muscle
• Conventional dacryocystorhinostomy
• trans-canalicular laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy
• Eye surgery
• operation theater
• parental presence
• squint surgery
• witnessing a surgery
• Centrocecal visual field defect
• cilioretinal artery occlusion
• fluorescein angiogram
• intranasal cocaine
• Caesarean section
• epidural anesthesia
• Horner′s syndrome
• Acute myeloid leukemia
• hypopyon
• masquerade syndrome