The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
TOI-199 b: A Well-characterized 100 day Transiting Warm Giant Planet with TTVs Seen from Antarctica
- Melissa J. Hobson,
- Trifon Trifonov,
- Thomas Henning,
- Andrés Jordán,
- Felipe Rojas,
- Nestor Espinoza,
- Rafael Brahm,
- Jan Eberhardt,
- Matías I. Jones,
- Djamel Mekarnia,
- Diana Kossakowski,
- Martin Schlecker,
- Marcelo Tala Pinto,
- Pascal José Torres Miranda,
- Lyu Abe,
- Khalid Barkaoui,
- Philippe Bendjoya,
- François Bouchy,
- Marco Buttu,
- Ilaria Carleo,
- Karen A. Collins,
- Knicole D. Colón,
- Nicolas Crouzet,
- Diana Dragomir,
- Georgina Dransfield,
- Thomas Gasparetto,
- Robert F. Goeke,
- Tristan Guillot,
- Maximilian N. Günther,
- Saburo Howard,
- Jon M. Jenkins,
- Judith Korth,
- David W. Latham,
- Monika Lendl,
- Jack J. Lissauer,
- Christopher R. Mann,
- Ismael Mireles,
- George R. Ricker,
- Sophie Saesen,
- Richard P. Schwarz,
- S. Seager,
- Ramotholo Sefako,
- Avi Shporer,
- Chris Stockdale,
- Olga Suarez,
- Thiam-Guan Tan,
- Amaury H. M. J. Triaud,
- Solène Ulmer-Moll,
- Roland Vanderspek,
- Joshua N. Winn,
- Bill Wohler,
- George Zhou
Affiliations
- Melissa J. Hobson
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]; Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Chile
- Trifon Trifonov
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]; Department of Astronomy, Sofia University “St Kliment Ohridski,” 5 James Bourchier Boulevard, BG-1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; Zentrum für Astronomie der Universtät Heidelberg , Landessternwarte, Königstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Thomas Henning
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]
- Andrés Jordán
- ORCiD
- Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Chile; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez , Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
- Felipe Rojas
- Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Chile; Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 782-0436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Nestor Espinoza
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Rafael Brahm
- ORCiD
- Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Chile; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez , Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
- Jan Eberhardt
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]
- Matías I. Jones
- European Southern Observatory , Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago, Chile
- Djamel Mekarnia
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice cedex 4, France
- Diana Kossakowski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]
- Martin Schlecker
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, The University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Marcelo Tala Pinto
- Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Chile; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez , Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
- Pascal José Torres Miranda
- ORCiD
- Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Chile; Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 782-0436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Lyu Abe
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice cedex 4, France
- Khalid Barkaoui
- ORCiD
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , 19C Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) , Calle Vía Láctea s/n, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Philippe Bendjoya
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice cedex 4, France
- François Bouchy
- Observatoire de Genève, Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51b, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- Marco Buttu
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius CA, Italy
- Ilaria Carleo
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) , Calle Vía Láctea s/n, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Karen A. Collins
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Knicole D. Colón
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Nicolas Crouzet
- ORCiD
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University , P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Diana Dragomir
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- Georgina Dransfield
- ORCiD
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Thomas Gasparetto
- Institute of Polar Sciences—CNR , via Torino, 155, I-30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy
- Robert F. Goeke
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Tristan Guillot
- ORCiD
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice cedex 4, France
- Maximilian N. Günther
- ORCiD
- European Space Agency (ESA) , European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
- Saburo Howard
- ORCiD
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice cedex 4, France
- Jon M. Jenkins
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Judith Korth
- ORCiD
- Lund Observatory, Division of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Lund University , Box 43, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- David W. Latham
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Monika Lendl
- ORCiD
- Observatoire de Genève, Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51b, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- Jack J. Lissauer
- ORCiD
- Space Science & Astrobiology Division, MS 245-3, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Christopher R. Mann
- ORCiD
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets (iREx) , Canada
- Ismael Mireles
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- George R. Ricker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Sophie Saesen
- Observatoire de Genève, Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51b, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- Richard P. Schwarz
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- S. Seager
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ramotholo Sefako
- ORCiD
- South African Astronomical Observatory , P.O. Box 9, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
- Avi Shporer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Chris Stockdale
- ORCiD
- Hazelwood Observatory , Australia
- Olga Suarez
- ORCiD
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice cedex 4, France
- Thiam-Guan Tan
- ORCiD
- Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope , Perth, Western Australia
- Amaury H. M. J. Triaud
- ORCiD
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Solène Ulmer-Moll
- Observatoire de Genève, Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51b, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern , Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Roland Vanderspek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Bill Wohler
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; SETI Institute , Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- George Zhou
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acfc1d
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 166,
no. 5
p. 201
Abstract
We present the spectroscopic confirmation and precise mass measurement of the warm giant planet TOI-199 b. This planet was first identified in TESS photometry and confirmed using ground-based photometry from ASTEP in Antarctica including a full 6.5 hr long transit, PEST, Hazelwood, and LCO; space photometry from NEOSSat; and radial velocities (RVs) from FEROS, HARPS, CORALIE, and CHIRON. Orbiting a late G-type star, TOI-199 b has a ${104.854}_{-0.002}^{+0.001}\,{\rm{day}}$ period, a mass of 0.17 ± 0.02 M _J , and a radius of 0.810 ± 0.005 R _J . It is the first warm exo-Saturn with a precisely determined mass and radius. The TESS and ASTEP transits show strong transit timing variations (TTVs), pointing to the existence of a second planet in the system. The joint analysis of the RVs and TTVs provides a unique solution for the nontransiting companion TOI-199 c, which has a period of ${273.69}_{-0.22}^{+0.26}\,{\rm{days}}$ and an estimated mass of ${0.28}_{-0.01}^{+0.02}\,{M}_{{\rm{J}}}$ . This period places it within the conservative habitable zone.
Keywords
- Exoplanet astronomy
- Exoplanet detection methods
- Transit timing variation method
- Radial velocity
- Transit photometry
- Exoplanet systems
