Impact of Neurodynamic Sequencing on the Mechanical Behaviour of the Median Nerve and Brachial Plexus: An Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography Study

Abstract

Background: When performing the Upper Limb Neurodynamic Test 1 (ULNT1), the order of joint movement can be varied to place more stress onto certain nerve segments. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the differences in the stiffness of the median nerve (MN) and the brachial plexus (BP) using ultrasound shear wave elastography during three sequences of the ULNT1: standard (ULNT1-STD), distal-to-proximal (ULNT1-DIST), and proximal-to-distal (ULNT1-PROX). Methods: Shear wave velocity (SWV) was measured at the initial and final position of each sequence at the MN (wrist) and at the C5 and C6 nerve roots (interscalene level) in 31 healthy subjects. Results: A significant interaction was found between ULNT1 sequence and location (p p p p p p = 0.066). Conclusions: BP and MN stiffness vary depending on the joint movement sequence during neurodynamic testing. However, the influence of the surrounding tissues may have affected SWV measurements; consequently, these results should be interpreted with caution.

Keywords

• neurodynamics
• biomechanics
• median nerve
• brachial plexus
• nerve roots
• elastography