Global warming and its impact on the production activities of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises

Abstract

The study is devoted to the problems of global warming and its impact on the production activity of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The influence of the average monthly and annual air temperature and precipitation over the last eighteen years on the yield of the main crops in all climatic zones characteristic of Ukraine and all regions of Ukraine was analyzed. It is shown that despite the increase in the average annual air temperature of 1,11 °C and the decrease of precipitation by month of the year on 454,18 mm and its instability, as well as the negative impact on the production activity of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine of the military aggression of Russia, there is an increase in the yield of the main crops in 2023 in comparison with 2005 - winter wheat on 56,1 %, oilseeds on 68 %, corn on 96,5 %, and vegetables of the open ground on 22,7 %. A conclusion was made about the expediency of expanding irrigation in all regions of Ukraine, particularly drip irrigation, to increase the yield rate, ultimately leading to an increase in revenue and, thus, the profit of agricultural enterprises. The project's cost for introducing a drip irrigation system was calculated using the example of an agricultural enterprise, and the efficiency of growing corn for grain with and without irrigation was compared.