Post-transfusion reactions: update for the best professional and technical performance

Abstract

Introduction: numerous, varied and dangerous transfusion reactions make it necessary to recognize its clinic and treatment to identify them early and prevent their consequences. Objective: to evaluate the updated information published in the national and international medical literature on post-transfusion reactions. Method: the research design was cross-sectional and descriptive, a review of the national and international medical literature published about post-transfusion reactions in all the databases, without limitation of language, as well as of the printed literature that includes the theme, selecting the most relevant contents for the preparation of the final report. Development: the most commonly used blood components were erythrocyte concentrates, platelets and fresh frozen plasma. Complications of transfusion are classified as immediate and delayed, immunological and non-immunological. Acute lung injury associated with blood transfusion is the most serious complication, while the allergic reaction is the most common, followed by febrile syndrome. Numerous viruses can be transmitted through transfusions such as: hepatitis B, C and acquired immunodeficiency virus. Epidemiological surveillance allows following the real incidence and prevalence of transfusion reactions. Conclusion: the international literature reviewed was numerous, and the national literature concerning transfusion therapy was insufficient. By means of the bibliographic review, it was possible to compile the most current characteristics of transfusion medicine in order to better the performance of professionals and technicians involved in pediatric care about the indication of blood transfusion and its adverse reactions. As well as increasing transfusion safety in pediatric patients.

Keywords

• SANGRE/inmunología
• NIÑO
• EPIDEMIOLOGÍA
• PREVALENCIA
• MONOGRAFÍA.