Localization of Lupoid Leishmaniasis on the face: A case control study

Abstract

Abstract Background In Lupoid Leishmaniasis, erythematous to brown papules often occur around a central old scar, which can expand over time. For unclear reasons, these lesions tend to develop on the facial area. Objectives This study was conducted to study the distribution of Lupoid Leishmaniasis lesions on the face and compare them with those of acute leishmaniasis. Methods This case‐control study included 100 patients with the acute type of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Lupoid Leishmaniasis who were referred to the dermatology clinics of Ghaem and Emamreza hospitals. We recorded lesion morphology, demographic data and locations of lesions on the face. Results We enrolled 55 patients with acute leishmaniasis and 45 patients with Lupoid Leishmaniasis, with a mean age of 21.30 ± 20.71 years. There were no significant differences in age (p = 0.78), gender (p = 0.48), and the distribution of lesions on different anatomical areas (p = 0.22) between the two groups. In both groups, the involvement of the zygoma was significantly higher than in other areas on the face (p = 0.001). Conclusions Our study reveals that the anatomical location does not play a role in lesion evolving into Lupoid form.

Keywords

• acute leishmaniasis
• Lupoid Leishmaniasis
• recidivans leishmanisis