Physical and mechanical properties of rocks and complications during exploration well drilling

Abstract

The aim of the scientific work is to study the peculiarities of the geological structure of Western Donbas and the physical and mechanical characteristics of coal-bearing rocks. In 1952, V. Hladky completed a geological survey of the territory of Western Donbas on a scale of 1:200,000. The result of this survey in 1959 was a geological map with an explanatory note. These materials for many years were the most complete geological summary of the described territory. In the course of the work, the authors collected and systematized all the factual data of previous studies, mainly geological prospecting works on lignite and hard coal and silicate nickel. Physical and mechanical properties of rocks combine physical and mechanical properties that affect the process of their destruction. The physical properties of rocks characterize their physical state. These properties include degree of cohesion, porosity, density, specific gravity, structure, texture, graininess. Mechanical properties of rocks are a type of physical properties and they manifest themselves only under the action of mechanical forces. They express themselves in the ability of rocks to resist deformation and destruction. These properties include strength, dynamic strength, hardness, elasticity, brittleness, plasticity, abrasiveness, etc. The properties of rocks depend on their origin (igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic) and on geological processes occurring after their formation. When drilling rocks with different properties, complications may arise. This article describes these complications in detail. In the conditions of Western Donbas, the following complications are most common when drilling wells: 1. Spilling of stones from the sides of the well. 2. Absorption of washing liquid. Both types of complications occur at all depth intervals. Western Donbas has some types of complications. Sandstones with a high filtering capacity also belong to these complications. Dealing with complications during drilling is a complex and time-consuming technological task that requires constant monitoring. The study of physical and mechanical properties of rocks is one of the most important tasks of geophysical well research. This will make it possible to significantly reduce unforeseeable accidents at production sites and thereby reduce the costs of their elimination and the time of reconnaissance work.

Keywords

• physical and mechanical properties of rocks
• drilling of exploratory wells
• geophysical studies of wells
• west of donbas