Status and Challenges of Cathode Materials for Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
Ying Wu,
Liang Wu,
Shufan Wu,
Yu Yao,
Yuezhan Feng,
Yan Yu
Affiliations
Ying Wu
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
Liang Wu
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
Shufan Wu
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
Yu Yao
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
Yuezhan Feng
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University) Ministry of Education Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450002 China
Yan Yu
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
Room‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries have become the most potential large‐scale energy storage systems due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the severe shuttle effect and the sluggish redox kinetics arising from the sulfur cathode cause enormous challenges for the development of RT Na–S batteries. This review systematically sheds light on the rational design strategies of integrating porous carbon matrix with “adsorption–catalysis” agents, including transition‐metal single‐atom, transition‐metal nanoclusters, transition‐metal compounds, or heterostructures. Moreover, the multistep reaction mechanism accompanied with the evolution process of various sodium polysulfides during the redox process is systematically summarized on the basis of electrochemical technique analysis and ex situ/in situ characterization. Finally, the future perspectives and potential research directions are outlined to provide a guideline for the continuous development of RT Na–S batteries.
