The Position of Monetary and fiscal Policies with emphasizing on Oil Sector with DSGE Models (the case of Iran)

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of crude oil production and price shocks on the monetary, fiscal and macroeconomic variables in the framework of new Keynesian open economy DSGE model for Iran.Accordingly, the paper estimates a DSGE model composed of households, firms, foreign trade and consolidated accounts of government and central bankfor the Iran economy to be calibrated and simulated. The results of simulation and analysis of impulse response function indicate that the effects of crude oil prices and production shocks on investment, national output, marginal costs of production and inflation are positive and significant. They also show that the shocks have significantly positive effects on government spending, tax revenues and the monetary base. The findings suggest that monetary and fiscal policies in Iran are mainly formed by oil revenue due to the dependency of public budget through the currency obtained from oil export revenues. The results indicate that oil revenue is both a blessing and a curse for the economy. The results stress to reduce the dominance of government on oil revenues, government tax budgeting and limit the government’s access to foreign currency reserves

Keywords

• oil and production shocks
• monetary and fiscal policy
• open economy
• dsge model