Pathomorphological changes in the periodontal complex tissues in the period of experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis chronization

Abstract

Objective – to investigate pathomorphological changes in the periodontal complex on the 30th day of the experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis development. Materials and methods. The study was conducted with the use of non-breeding clinically healthy male rats. Experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis in experimental animals was induced by injection of complex microbial mixture diluted with ovalbumin into periodontal tissue. Morphological analysis was used for estimation of the structural changes degree in the maxillofacial tissues. The mandible-related tissue fragments, in particular the periodontal complex material was embedded in the paraffin blocks. The cross sections of 5–6 microns thickness were made on a microtome. The preparations obtained were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results. The high intensity of inflammatory infiltration was noted, although the progression of inflammatory and destructive processes was significantly slowed down. The histological examination showed that inflammatory process was characterized by signs of disorganization and destruction of the connective tissue and walls of the dental alveoli, the structural reconstruction of the gingival epithelium and its lamina propria. Inflammatory infiltration was accompanied by expressive signs of the connective tissue disorganization. At the same time there were morphological signs of reparative processes, proliferation and collagen fibers thickening. In this period granulation tissue was formed. At this stage inflammatory infiltration extended the crista of the cellular bone and penetrated the epithelium of dento-gingival junction and gingival sulcus. Conclusions. The revealed pathomorphological changes in the periodontal complex tissues in the long-term period of the experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis are indicative of the inflammatory process chronization.

Keywords

• periodontitis
• inflammation
• periodontium
• cell proliferation
• collagen