Nature Communications (Sep 2023)

The Oncology Biomarker Discovery framework reveals cetuximab and bevacizumab response patterns in metastatic colorectal cancer

  • Alexander J. Ohnmacht,
  • Arndt Stahler,
  • Sebastian Stintzing,
  • Dominik P. Modest,
  • Julian W. Holch,
  • C. Benedikt Westphalen,
  • Linus Hölzel,
  • Marisa K. Schübel,
  • Ana Galhoz,
  • Ali Farnoud,
  • Minhaz Ud-Dean,
  • Ursula Vehling-Kaiser,
  • Thomas Decker,
  • Markus Moehler,
  • Matthias Heinig,
  • Volker Heinemann,
  • Michael P. Menden

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41011-4
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 15

Abstract

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Abstract Precision medicine has revolutionised cancer treatments; however, actionable biomarkers remain scarce. To address this, we develop the Oncology Biomarker Discovery (OncoBird) framework for analysing the molecular and biomarker landscape of randomised controlled clinical trials. OncoBird identifies biomarkers based on single genes or mutually exclusive genetic alterations in isolation or in the context of tumour subtypes, and finally, assesses predictive components by their treatment interactions. Here, we utilise the open-label, randomised phase III trial (FIRE-3, AIO KRK-0306) in metastatic colorectal carcinoma patients, who received either cetuximab or bevacizumab in combination with 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and irinotecan (FOLFIRI). We systematically identify five biomarkers with predictive components, e.g., patients with tumours that carry chr20q amplifications or lack mutually exclusive ERK signalling mutations benefited from cetuximab compared to bevacizumab. In summary, OncoBird characterises the molecular landscape and outlines actionable biomarkers, which generalises to any molecularly characterised randomised controlled trial.