FAMS—A Targeted Fatty Acid Mass Spectrometry Method for Monitoring Free Fatty Acids from Polysorbate Hydrolysis

Abstract

Polysorbates are the predominant surfactants used to stabilize protein formulations. Unfortunately, polysorbates can undergo hydrolytic degradation, which releases fatty acids that can accumulate to form visible particles. The detection and quantitation of these fatty acid degradation products are critical for assessing the extent of polysorbate degradation and the associated risks of particle formation. We previously developed a user-friendly mass spectrometric method called Fatty Acids by Mass Spectrometry (FAMS) to quantify the free fatty acids. The FAMS method was validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines and is suitable for a wide range of products, buffers and protein concentrations. The end-to-end workflow can be automated from sample preparation to data analysis. To broaden method accessibility, the QDa detector selected for fatty acid measurement does not require specific mass spectrometry experience. We provide here a detailed procedure for both manual and automated sample preparation for high-throughput analysis. In addition, we highlight in this protocol the critical operational details, procedural watchouts and troubleshooting tips to support the successful execution of this method in another laboratory.

Keywords

• liquid chromatography
• mass spectrometry
• single quad
• polysorbate degradation
• free fatty acid
• biopharmaceuticals