Risiko Masalah Perkembangan dan Mental Emosional Anak yang Diasuh di Panti Asuhan Dibandingkan dengan Diasuh Orangtua Kandung

Abstract

Children living in orphanage are associated with delays in development. The children demostrate less developmental problems when they interact with caregivers. The aim of this study was to compare developmental and mental emotional problems between children living in orphanage and those who live with their parents. A comparative analytical cross sectional study by chi square to test the developmental problem using kuesioner preskrining perkembangan (KPSP) or the development pre-screening questionnaire, for motoric, language, and personal social assessment. The mental emotional problems are assessed using kuesioner masalah mental emosional (KMME) or mental emotional problem questionnaire for behavior assessment. These were followed by a qualitative study through interviews to evaluate the cause of developmental and mental emotional problems. Conducted from June 2011–January 2012, this study inclused children 3 to 6 years old who met the inclusion criteria as the subjects with a total of 102 subjects participated. From 51 children from the orphanages there were 8 children who had developmental problem while none was found in children living with their parents. The mental emotional problems in both group were equal (29 children). There was a higher number of developmental problem in children living in the orphanage (p=0.002), and a corelation between caregiver-children play time interaction and developmental problem (p=0.003) was found. In conclusion, children living in orphanage have higher risk for developmental problem while the risk for the mental emotional problems is not different between children living in orphanage and those who live with their parents.

Keywords

• Development
• interaction
• mental emotional
• orphanage
• parents