Frontiers in Endocrinology (Dec 2023)

Body composition and sexual hormones for the glucose control of autoimmune diabetes in males: are they necessary to predict diabetes-related complications?

  • Mireia García Ramírez,
  • Mireia García Ramírez,
  • Ángel Rebollo Román,
  • Ángel Rebollo Román,
  • Rafael Palomares Ortega,
  • Rafael Palomares Ortega,
  • Rosario Alonso-Echague,
  • Rosario Alonso-Echague,
  • María Luisa Calle-Castro,
  • María Luisa Calle-Castro,
  • María Ángeles Gálvez Moreno,
  • María Ángeles Gálvez Moreno,
  • María José Molina Puerta,
  • María José Molina Puerta,
  • Aura D. Herrera-Martínez,
  • Aura D. Herrera-Martínez

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1283057
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14

Abstract

Read online

BackgroundGlucose control in diabetes is essential for avoiding diabetes-related complications.AimTo determine the impact of body composition and sexual hormones in glucose control and diabetes-related complications, in males with autoimmune diabetes.Patients and methodsThirty-nine patients with autoimmune diabetes and flash glucose monitoring were included. A morphofunctional nutritional evaluation with bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), abdominal adipose tissue ultrasound, rectus femoris ultrasound and biochemical parameters, was performedResultsStrong, positive correlations were observed between body composition parameters, biochemical variables and sexual hormones (p<0.05). Adipose tissue measured by BIVA and ultrasound was more significantly associated with glucose control (including time in range >70%, glucose variability <36% determined by flash glucose monitoring; p<0.05) and the presence of microvascular/macrovascular complications (p<0.05) than lean mass. After adjusting by the duration of diabetes, BMI, abdominal circumference, fat mass and phase angle increased the risk for microvascular complications (OR 1.32(1.00 – 1.73), OR 1.06(1.00 – 1.12), OR 1.14(1.01 – 1.20), 0R 0.3(0.10 – 0.91) respectively; for macrovascular complications: BMI OR 1.38(1.04 – 1.84) and fat mass OR 1.26(1.00 – 1.58)]. Sexual hormone levels did not influence on glucose control or the development of diabetes-related complications.ConclusionAnthrpometric parameters, especially adipose tissue, were associated with glucose control and variability determined by flash glucose monitoring. Furthermore, changes in fat and lean mass were associated with the presence of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Thus, a comprehensive nutritional evaluation might be useful for the evaluation of males with autoimmune diabetes, in order to identify patients with increased risk of complications.

Keywords