Fluorescence in situ hybridization detection of cytogenetic abnormalities and prognosis in multiple myeloma

Abstract

We evaluated the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) and attempted to find a suitable treatment strategy for them. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detection was performed on 57 patients with MM. The following probes: IgH, p53, 1q21, RB1, and D13S319 specific for the rearrangements of 14q32, 17p13, 1q21 and 13q14 were used. Fluorescent hybridization signals were observed using an Olympus BX60 epifluorescence microscope equipped with filters for detecting fluoroisothiocyanate (FITC), Texas red, and 4'-6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Triple color clone-specific images were captured using a Quips XL genetic workstation. The mortalities in patients with moderate prognosis (66.7%) and poor prognosis (50%) were significantly higher compared with that in patients with good prognosis (15%, P<0.05). All the patients in good and moderate prognosis groups achieved complete remission (CR)/very good partial remission (VGPR)/partial remission (PR), whereas only half of the cases in the poor prognosis group reached this level. Patients 2 supported by autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation presented CR/PR and long survival. For those with poor prognosis, a proper therapeutic regimen and timely transplantation, especially tandem transplantation, was necessary due to the rapid progression and complications.

Keywords

• Multiple myeloma
• interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization detection
• cytogenetic abnormalities
• prognosis
• autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation