Redai dili (Jul 2023)
The Identification and Formation Mechanism of the Dongguan Urban Public Center System Based on Multi-Source Data
Abstract
Public center systems planning is of great significance in controlling and guiding the optimization of urban spatial structures, activating the efficiency of urban operations, and improving the quality of urban spaces and human living environments. However, most previous studies used a single data source and focused on identifying the physical space characteristics centered on traditional commercial and public service facilities, making it difficult to accurately measure the actual operational performance of public centers. Therefore, this study relied on multiple data sources to research Dongguan City in South China from multiple perspectives. The formation of Dongguan's central system was affected by two factors: the external force of the megacity region and the endogenous driving force of urban development. First, qualitative and quantitative calibration methods were used to identify the spatial patterns of public centers from the spatial morphological dimension in an all-round and all-temporal manner using Kernel Density Estimation (K) and the Getis-Ord Gi* statistical method. Second, the functional hierarchy and service hinterland of centers at all levels were identified using the dynamic human activity links of the recreational population. Third, the effectiveness of planning implementation was evaluated from the perspective of spatial morphology and functional connection. Finally, starting from the factors of policy system, foreign investment, industrial economy, land factors, and transportation facilities, this study explored the formation mechanism of the center in a targeted manner, trying to provide a reference for the benign development of similar manufacturing cities. The results showed that: 1) the technical method using multisource data such as POI, cell phone signaling, and Baidu building footprint and traditional land use data to identify the public center system was effective, accurate, and practical. Dongguan had initially formed a center system with dual spatial characteristics of "morphological polycentric" and "functional monocentric"; 2) the plan had a certain role in promoting the construction of the center system. However, the development in terms of morphology and function was somewhat different from the plan; 3) the center system resulted from a multiparty game between the government and the market power. Thus, the center system depended on government policy formulation, land allocation, and facility construction and was closely related to capital investment and industrial transfer. Dongguan's urban public center system was important and highly correlated with the city's degree of industrial development. Therefore, this study included modern productive service elements in the center identification elements for the first time while focusing on extending the research object to the functional network of the Pearl River Delta megacity region, using the regional dynamic spatial movement trajectory of human flow to identify the distribution of urban center systems, and comprehensively defining the elements and technical methods of urban public center system identification, in an attempt to provide a reference for similar manufacturing cities.
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