Nanofluids for Advanced Applications: A Comprehensive Review on Preparation Methods, Properties, and Environmental Impact

• Izzat Razzaq,
• Wang Xinhua,
• Ghulam Rasool,
• Tao Sun,
• Abdulsalam Saeed Shflot,
• Muhammad Yousaf Malik,
• Kamil Abbas,
• Shabir Ali,
• Amjad Ali

Affiliations

Izzat Razzaq

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China

Wang Xinhua

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China

Ghulam Rasool

Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al-Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Tao Sun

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China

Abdulsalam Saeed Shflot

Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

Muhammad Yousaf Malik

Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

Kamil Abbas

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China

Shabir Ali

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China

Amjad Ali

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China