Bioactivity of Hertia maroccana and Teucrium malenconianum: antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects

Abstract

The main goal of this study was to conduct a phytochemical investigation on the hydro-ethanolic extracts of Hertia maroccana Batt. and Teucrium malenconianum Maire. and to evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. The phytochemical study was carried out using chemical screening tests and the antioxidant potential was assessed using in vitro methods. Moreover, agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, triton-induced acute hyperlipidemia model was used to evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemic activity. The findings revealed that H. maroccana and T. malenconianum extracts contain various metabolites (such as proteins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, etc.), significant amounts of phenolic compounds (50.33 and 49.94 mg GAE/gE, respectively), and exhibit notable antioxidant properties (DPPH IC50: 1.18 and 0.97 mg/mL, respectively; ABTS IC50: 0.27 and 0.23 mg/mL, respectively; FRAP value: 0.65 and 0.7 Fe2+E mM, respectively). Moreover, we found that H. maroccana exerted an important antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.39 mg/mL and MBC = 6.25 mg/mL). Additionally, T. malenconianum induced significant anti-hyperlipidemic activity. In conclusion, that H. maroccana represents a promising source of antibacterial agents whereas, T. malenconianum shows potential for managing hyperlipidemia.

Keywords

• antibacterial
• anti-hyperlipidemic
• antioxidant effect
• Hertia maroccana
• Teucrium malenconianum