BMC Cardiovascular Disorders (Mar 2024)

Correlation between the cardiometabolic index and arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

  • Chaoyan Tang,
  • Tianjiao Pang,
  • Chaozhi Dang,
  • Hui Liang,
  • Junfeng Wu,
  • Xiaofang Shen,
  • Lielin Wang,
  • Ruiqiong Luo,
  • Haiyun Lan,
  • Ping Zhang

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-03853-8
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 24, no. 1
pp. 1 – 8

Abstract

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Abstract Background The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a new metric derived from the triglyceride-glucose index and body mass index and is considered a potential marker for cardiovascular risk assessment. This study aimed to examine the correlation between the CMI and the presence and severity of arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This study involved 2243 patients with T2DM. The CMI was derived by dividing the triglyceride level (mmol/L) by the high-density lipoprotein level (mmol/L) and then multiplying the quotient by the waist-to-height ratio. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlations between the CMI and BMI blood biomarkers, blood pressure, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results Patients were categorized into three groups based on their CMI: Group C1 (CMI 1.355; n = 750). Increased BMI, fasting glucose, insulin (at 120 min), total cholesterol (TC), and baPWV values were observed in Groups C2 and C3, with statistically significant trends (all trends P < 0.05). The CMI was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that an increased CMI contributed to a greater risk for arteriosclerosis (OR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.66–2.10, P < 0.001). Compared to the C1 group, the C2 group and C3 group had a greater risk of developing arteriosclerosis, with ORs of 4.55 (95%CI: 3.57–5.81, P<0.001) and 5.56 (95%CI: 4.32–7.17, P<0.001), respectively. The association was notably stronger in patients with a BMI below 21.62 kg/m² than in those with a BMI of 21.62 kg/m² or higher (OR = 4.53 vs. OR = 1.59). Conclusions These findings suggest that the CMI is a relevant and independent marker of arteriosclerosis in patients with T2DM and may be useful in the risk stratification and management of these patients.

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