THE CONCEPT OF «TIME» IN UKRAINIAN AND GERMAN LINGISTIC WORLDVIEWS

Abstract

The article deals with the concept of «Zeit» in Ukrainian and German culture of language. A comparative analysis of the concepts «time» and «Zeit» in Ukrainian and German national view of the world through proverbs is accomplished. The study shows the features of the culture of language complemented by the category of time. Analysis of the synonyms of the names of the concept «time / Zeit» and analysis of the figurative component of the concept «time / Zeit» is accomplished. The purpose of the article is to investigate the category of time on the material of the proverbs of Ukrainian and German linguoculture and to perform a comparative analysis of concepts. The goal could be explained by the growing interest in linguistics in the ontological categories of being and consciousness, which has grown in recent years. The other question is the lack of fundamental works in linguistics in which the category of time in Ukrainian was studied and compared. The subject of the study is the category of time in Ukrainian and German linguistic cultures. The subject of the study are proverbs about time in Ukrainian and German. Methods of this study are the inductive method, analysis, definitional and comparative methods. People in German and Ukrainian linguistic cultures compare time with vegetables. The main feature of them is ripening. Two nations also connect time with the bird. It is a symbol of hard work and early uprising. Germans use such lexemes as «oats» and «barley» in the conceptualization of the category of time. Ukrainians use such words as «apple», «hay», «mushrooms», «bast». These are the distinctive features of Ukrainian linguistic culture. Ukrainians contrast time and the following concepts: «horse», «pitchfork» аnd «cart». It is noticed that the name of the concept «time» in the Ukrainian language has two meanings, which have neither lexical nor semantic variants of the name of the concept «Zeit». The conceptualization of time among Ukrainians and Germans has both common and distinct features. German culture belongs to monochronous, Ukrainian culture belongs to the contrary one – polychromous, which makes a lot of difference between these two cultures. In Germany human relationships are sacrificed for work efficiency. In Ukraine culture human communication is more important than a fixed term or interests.

Keywords

• концепт
• лінгвокультура
• лінгвоконцептологія
• порівняльний анализ
• національна картина світу