Fall of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children following COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: A Time Series Analysis
Alexis Rybak,
David Dawei Yang,
Cécile Schrimpf,
Romain Guedj,
Corinne Levy,
Robert Cohen,
Vincent Gajdos,
Julie Tort,
David Skurnik,
Naïm Ouldali,
François Angoulvant
Affiliations
Alexis Rybak
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
David Dawei Yang
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
Cécile Schrimpf
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
Romain Guedj
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Emergency Department, Armand Trousseau University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
Corinne Levy
ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
Robert Cohen
ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, 94000 Créteil, France
Vincent Gajdos
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pediatric Department, Antoine Béclère University Hospital, Université de Paris Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France
Julie Tort
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Patient Quality Medical Organisation Departement-Health Crisis Management, 75004 Paris, France
David Skurnik
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
Naïm Ouldali
INSERM UMR 1123, ECEVE, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
François Angoulvant
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A first national lockdown was decided in France on the 17 March 2020. These measures had an impact on other viral and non-viral infectious diseases. We aimed to assess this impact on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. We performed a quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis. We used data from a French prospective surveillance system of six pediatric emergency departments (PEDs). All visits from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 were included. Pre-intervention period was before 17 March 2020 and post-intervention period was after 18 March 2020. We estimated the impact on the weekly number of visits for CAP and CAP admission using quasi-Poisson regression modeling. A total of 981,782 PEDs visits were analyzed; among them, 8318 visits were associated with CAP, and 1774 of these were followed by a hospital admission. A major decrease was observed for CAP visits (−79.7% 95% CI [−84.3; −73.8]; p p < 0.0001). We observed a dramatic decrease of CAP in children following NPIs implementation. Further studies are required to assess the long-term impact of these measures.
