Organophosphate esters in indoor dust from 12 countries: Concentrations, composition profiles, and human exposure

Wenhui Li; Yu Wang; Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos; Adrian Covaci; Bondi Gevao; Boris Johnson-Restrepo; Taha A. Kumosani; Govindan Malarvannan; Hyo-Bang Moon; Haruhiko Nakata; Ravindra K. Sinha; Tri Manh Tran; Kurunthachalam Kannan

Environment International (Dec 2019)

Organophosphate esters in indoor dust from 12 countries: Concentrations, composition profiles, and human exposure

Wenhui Li,
Yu Wang,
Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos,
Adrian Covaci,
Bondi Gevao,
Boris Johnson-Restrepo,
Taha A. Kumosani,
Govindan Malarvannan,
Hyo-Bang Moon,
Haruhiko Nakata,
Ravindra K. Sinha,
Tri Manh Tran,
Kurunthachalam Kannan

Affiliations

Wenhui Li: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Yu Wang: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States; MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States; Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Adrian Covaci: Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
Bondi Gevao: Environmental Management Program, Environment and Life Sciences Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
Boris Johnson-Restrepo: Environmental and Chemistry Group, Sede San Pablo, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolívar 130015, Colombia
Taha A. Kumosani: Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Govindan Malarvannan: Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
Hyo-Bang Moon: Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
Haruhiko Nakata: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
Ravindra K. Sinha: Nalanda Open University, Patna 800001, India
Tri Manh Tran: Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Kurunthachalam Kannan: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author at: Wadsworth Center, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 133

Abstract

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A total of 20 organophosphate triesters (OPEs), including seven alkyl-OPEs, three chlorinated (Cl)-OPEs, seven aryl-OPEs, and three oligomeric-OPEs were measured in 341 house dust samples collected from 12 countries during the period 2010–2014. OPEs were ubiquitous in indoor dust, and the total concentrations of OPEs (∑OPEs; sum of 20 OPEs) ranged from 49.4 to 249,000 ng/g dry weight (dw). Generally, Cl-OPEs were the predominant compounds (51% of total) in indoor dust samples, with a median concentration of 800 ng/g, followed by alkyl-OPEs (31%), aryl-OPEs (17%), and oligomeric-OPEs (1%), with median concentrations of 480, 270, and 21.9 ng/g, respectively. ∑OPE concentrations in indoor dust from more industrialized countries (South Korea: median, 31,300; Japan: 29,800; and the United States: 26,500 ng/g dw) were one or two orders of magnitude higher than those from less industrialized countries (Greece: 7140, Saudi Arabia: 5310, Kuwait: 4420, Romania: 4110, Vietnam: 1190, China: 1120, Colombia: 374, India: 276, and Pakistan: 138 ng/g dw). Statistically significant positive correlations (0.114 < r < 0.748, p < 0.05) were found among the concentrations of 16 OPEs in dust samples, indicating similar sources of these compounds. The median estimated daily intakes of ΣOPEs via dust ingestion for children and adults were in the ranges of 0.29–64.8 and 0.07–14.9 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. Keywords: Organophosphorus flame retardants, Indoor dust, Human exposure, Global trend

Published in Environment International

ISSN: 0160-4120 (Print)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Geography. Anthropology. Recreation: Environmental sciences
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/environment-international

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