Cognitive and hormonal regulation of appetite for food presented in the olfactory and visual modalities
R. Janet,
A. Fournel,
M. Fouillen,
E Derrington,
B. Corgnet,
M Bensafi,
JC. Dreher
Affiliations
R. Janet
CNRS-Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR5229, ‘Neuroeconomics, reward, and decision making laboratory’, 67 Bd Pinel, 69675 Bron, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISCMJ, F-69675 Lyon, France
A. Fournel
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISCMJ, F-69675 Lyon, France
M. Fouillen
CNRS-Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR5229, ‘Neuroeconomics, reward, and decision making laboratory’, 67 Bd Pinel, 69675 Bron, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISCMJ, F-69675 Lyon, France
E Derrington
CNRS-Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR5229, ‘Neuroeconomics, reward, and decision making laboratory’, 67 Bd Pinel, 69675 Bron, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISCMJ, F-69675 Lyon, France
B. Corgnet
EmLyon, Ecully, France
M Bensafi
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISCMJ, F-69675 Lyon, France
JC. Dreher
CNRS-Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR5229, ‘Neuroeconomics, reward, and decision making laboratory’, 67 Bd Pinel, 69675 Bron, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISCMJ, F-69675 Lyon, France; Corresponding author at: Research director, CNRS UMR 5229, Neuroeconomics group, Reward and decision making, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, 67 Bd Pinel, 69675 Bron, France.
The ability to regulate appetite is essential to avoid food over-consumption. The desire for a particular food can be triggered by its odor before it is even seen. Using fMRI, we identify the neural systems modulated by cognitive regulation when experiencing appetizing food stimuli presented in both olfactory and visual modalities, while being hungry. Regulatory instruction modulated bids for food items and inhalation patterns. Distinct brain regions were observed for up and down appetite-regulation, respectively the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and dorsolateral PFC. Food valuation engaged the ventromedial PFC and bilateral striatum. Furthermore, we identified a neurobiological marker for successful appetite upregulation. Individuals with higher blood levels of ghrelin were better at exercising up-regulation, and engaged the dmPFC more. These findings characterize the neural circuitry regulating food consumption within the healthy population and highlight how cognitive regulation modulates olfactomotor measures of olfaction.
